English · Ethics in Business

Reported speech — reporting statements

Turning exactly what someone said into someone else's account of it

  • Foreign languages important
  • Literature and philosophy important
  • Experimental sciences important
  • Mathematics important
  • Engineering important
  • Management and economics important

6 minutes

The academic content is in Arabic, as at the BAC and as in the app.

What the syllabus expects from you

  • Converting direct statements to reported statements (tense back-shift, pronoun/time-word changes)

The method

  1. Back-shift one tense step; swap this/here/now/ago for that/there/then/before

The common mistakes

  • Forgetting the tense back-shift
  • Keeping 'said to' instead of 'told'

From the lesson

A workplace inspector writes her report the next day. She cannot copy his exact words as they stand: she has to turn them into a reported statement.

The vocabulary

  • say vs tell (قال مقابل أخبر)
  • reported statement (قول منقول)

What is not on the syllabus

  • Reported questions/instructions (treated in the Feelings and Emotions unit)

Builds on