اللغة الإنجليزية · أخلاقيات الأعمال
الوجوب والضرورة والمنع وانعدام الإلزام
Must, have to, mustn't and needn't in company policy
6 دقيقة
ما يطلبه منك البرنامج
- must/have to (obligation), mustn't (prohibition), needn't/don't have to (absence of obligation)
- Distinguishing internal obligation (must) from external rule (have to)
الطريقة
- Test: can I drop the rule without consequence? → needn't/don't have to; is it forbidden? → mustn't
الأخطاء الشائعة
- mustn't used for 'absence of obligation' instead of needn't
من الدرس
The company's code of conduct is clear: "Staff mustn't accept gifts from suppliers." Breaking this rule is a serious offense.
المصطلحات
- must/mustn't (يجب/يُمنع)
- needn't (لا حاجة إلى)